Note: Union was preceded by an affair known publicly from 17 November 1590; union was considered illegitimate in light of Penelope's divorce from her first husband. Charles' two daughters and second son were raised with surname Rich and are generally included in the Rich pedigree. Charles' eldest son, Mountjoy, is consistently surnamed after his father
The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom. 1887–98 (8 vols); 1910–59 (13 vols). 6 vols. Gloucester: Alan Sutton, 1982.
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 01/05/2005 (http://www.oxforddnb.com)
