Bibliographic Sources

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The following bibliographic sources were used in JUBA's research. Specific bibliographic sources are also linked from individual person, event, venue and troupe pages.

The Bibliography contains all sources used to compile the Early Blackface Minstrelsy in Britain Database. At this stage of our data entry, most documentation you will find here will be from nineteenth century daily and weekly British journals, searched by our Research Participants; all such entries are linked to one or more of the database entries: Event, Individual, Troupe, Venue, Documentation.

Era (London) July 20, 1851: 13:1.
Era (London) July 8, 1849: 1:1.
Document Note: Repeated (in this paper), with slight variations, on July 15, 1849 (1:1).
Era (London) March 11, 1849: 12:1.
Era (London) May 3, 1846: 3:2.
Info in Record: Report on a ‘negress’ in America who gave birth to twins, ‘one black and the other white.’
Era (London) June 25, 1848: 1:3.
Era (London) August 17, 1851: 10:3.
Info in Record: Book review of Captain Milman’s ‘Arthur Conway; or, Scenes in the Tropics’, published posthumously after his death in 1850. Milman’s book is an adventure story set in the ‘West India Islands.’
Era (London) February 17, 1845: 6:1.
Era (London) November 18, 1849: 10:3.
Info in Record: A piece – written in minstrel dialect – that purports to repeat a “dandy black” from Boston’s description of a potato.
Era (London) April 18, 1847: 11:3.
Era (London) April 16, 1848: 11:4.
Era (London) May 18, 1851: 1:1.
Era (London) January 28, 1849: 12.
Era (London) November 7, 1847: 12:1.
Era (London) November 12, 1848: 1:2.
Era (London) August 11, 1850: 12:2.
Era (London) April 14, 1844: 4:2.
Era (London) August 17, 1851: 12:2.
Era (London) April 12, 1846: 6:2.
Era (London) August 10, 1851: 1:2.
Era (London) May 7, 1843: 5:4.
Era (London) February 28, 1847: 12:3.
Era (London) February 9, 1851: 1: 1.
Era (London) October 7, 1849: 12:1.
Era (London) November 9, 1851: 12:3.
Era (London) May 2, 1852: 1:2.
Era (London) November 2, 1851: 2:1.
Info in Record: Extract from “American Scenes and Christian Slavery”, which describes a slave sale.
Era (London) January 15, 1843: 4:1.
Era (London) June 23, 1850: 12: 1.
Era (London) July 5, 1846: 13:2.
Document Note: reprinted (in this paper) on July 12, 1846 (p13), with dates changed accordingly
Era (London) March 9, 1851: 3:2.
Era (London) March 26, 1848: 1:4.
Era (London) October 11, 1846: 10:4.
Era (London) August 19, 1849: 8:1.
Info in Record: A brief piece in the “Answers to Correspondents” section, which claims that climate is responsible for determining skin colour.
Era (London) January 17, 1847: 8:1.
Era (London) April 6, 1851: 1:2.
Era (London) September 26, 1847: 11:2.
Era (London) July 30, 1848: 15:4.
Era (London) December 30, 1849: 12:3.
Era (London) September 10, 1848: 11:3.
Era (London) July 23, 1848: 13:1.
Era (London) July 20, 1851: 13:1.
Era (London) July 8, 1849: 4:1.
Era (London) December 24, 1848: 11:4.
Era (London) March 11, 1849: 12:1.
Era (London) March 16, 1851: 12:3.
Era (London) May 5, 1850: 12:3.
Era (London) August 17, 1851: 12:3.
Info in Record: Performance Type: Variety Troupe Name: “Mr. Baker (the Red Man of Agar) and his children” Performers Listed: “Mr. Baker”; “the young Baker, three years and a half old” Venue Name: “Newcastle-On-Tyne – Shades Saloon” Other Acts on Bill: “Mr. Friend, the admired tenor” Program Info: “a new series of tableaux” Info About Other Categories: Other Venue Info (proprietor – R. Whitfield)
Era (London) November 18, 1849: 10:4.
Era (London) April 18, 1847: 11:4.
Era (London) March 24, 1844: 6:1.
Performance Type: Opera Performers Listed: “Madame Garcia”, “Burdini” “Weiss” Days & Times: “Thursday evening” (past) Venue Name: “PRINCESS’S”, “Her Majesty’s Theatre” Other: description/review, reception,
Era (London) September 7, 1851: 15:2.
Info in Record: Article describing the “Capture and Execution of Fifty-two of the Members of the New Orleans Expedition”. The author notes the “negroes, slaves and free” who were present at the execution.
Era (London) November 7, 1847: 12:1.
Era (London) December 17, 1848: 1:2.
Era (London) October 6, 1850: 11:3.
Era (London) December 6, 1846: 10:4.
Era (London) March 19, 1843: 6:1.
Era (London) March 30, 1851: 2:2.
Info in Record: Story about “a coloured brother” from the U.S. attending a meeting of the “Shakspere Lodge”. Suggests that the visitor “suffered great privation and cruelty” during his passage to England.
Era (London) April 13, 1851: 11:4.
Era (London) May 7, 1843: 5:4.
Era (London) April 28, 1850: 12: 1.
Era (London) May 14, 1848: 11:4.
Era (London) March 28, 1847: 8:1.
Document Note: Repeated, with slight variations (in this paper), on April 4, 1847 (8:2).
Era (London) April 2, 1848: 12:1.
Era (London) December 26, 1847: 11:4.
Era (London) October 7, 1849: 12:1-2.
Era (London) May 9, 1852: 1:2.
Era (London) October 26, 1851: 11:4.
Era (London) November 16, 1845: 5:4.
Era (London) July 2, 1843: 4:2.
Era (London) April 9, 1848: 12:1.
Era (London) December 31, 1848: 13:4.
Era (London) January 12, 1851: 11:4.
Era (London) August 19, 1849: 11:3.
Era (London) October 5, 1851: 12:1.
Era (London) January 17, 1847: 8:1.
Era (London) August 20, 1848: 10:3.
Era (London) September 26, 1847: 11:3.
Era (London) December 30, 1849: 13:1.
Era (London) September 10, 1848: 9:3.
Era (London) July 20, 1851: 13:1.
Era (London) July 8, 1849: 7:1.
Info in Record: An account (taken from an American paper) of a slave ship “which had been captured by Her Britannic Majesty’s sloop Philomel on the west coast of Africa”.
Era (London) December 3, 1848: 12:1.
Era (London) March 18, 1849: 1:1.
Era (London) May 3, 1846: 3:4.
Info in Record: A racist joke: “An aboriginal American was asked if he had known the Bishop of Quebec? ‘Yes, yes.’ ‘And how did you like him?’ ‘Oh, vastly!’ ‘But how did you happen to know him?’ ‘Happen to know him! Why, I ate a piece of him!’”
Era (London) June 25, 1843: 4:2.
Era (London) April 28, 1850: 12:2.
Era (London) September 13, 1846: 8:1.
Era (London) August 24, 1851: 1:2.
Era (Journal) March 5, 1845: 5:4.
Era (London) November 18, 1849: 11:3.
Era (London) April 18, 1847: 11:4.
Era (London) March 31, 1844: 4:1.
Era (London) May 18, 1851: 1:1.
Era (London) August 23, 1846: 13:4.
Info in Record: report of freed slaves fundraising in order to buy back their minister.
Era (London) July 7, 1844: 5:3.
Era (London) February 16, 1851: 12:1.
Era (London) November 12, 1848: 1:2.
Era (London) November 26, 1848: 12:4.
Era (London) December 21, 1851: 10:1.
Era (London) March 28, 1852: 12: 1.